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Rosser's rule states that every Gram block contains the expected number of roots, which appears to be true for computable Gram blocks. Rosser et al. (1969) expressed a belief ...

The score function u(theta) is the partial derivativeof the log-likelihood function F(theta)=lnL(theta), where L(theta) is the standard likelihood function. Defining the ...

Given a Seifert form f(x,y), choose a basis e_1, ..., e_(2g) for H_1(M^^) as a Z-module so every element is uniquely expressible as n_1e_1+...+n_(2g)e_(2g) (1) with n_i ...

The semiperimeter on a figure is defined as s=1/2p, (1) where p is the perimeter. The semiperimeter of polygons appears in unexpected ways in the computation of their areas. ...

A sentence is a logic formula in which every variable is quantified. The concept of a sentence is important because formulas with variables that are not quantified are ...

The sign of a real number, also called sgn or signum, is -1 for a negative number (i.e., one with a minus sign "-"), 0 for the number zero, or +1 for a positive number (i.e., ...

A singular integral is an integral whose integrand reaches an infinite value at one or more points in the domain of integration. Even so, such integrals can converge, in ...

For d>=1, Omega an open subset of R^d, p in [1;+infty] and s in N, the Sobolev space W^(s,p)(R^d) is defined by W^(s,p)(Omega)={f in L^p(Omega): forall ...

Special affine curvature, also called as the equi-affine or affine curvature, is a type of curvature for a plane curve that remains unchanged under a special affine ...

Consider a star graph S_(n+1) consisting of a central hub vertex and n spokes, but instead of placing a single point at the end of each spoke, place k points along it (in ...