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A symbol of the form {p,q,r,...} used to describe regular polygons, polyhedra, and their higher-dimensional counterparts. The symbol {p} denotes a regular polygon for integer ...

The shah function is defined by m(x) = sum_(n=-infty)^(infty)delta(x-n) (1) = sum_(n=-infty)^(infty)delta(x+n), (2) where delta(x) is the delta function, so m(x)=0 for x not ...

For a braid with M strands, R components, P positive crossings, and N negative crossings, {P-N<=U_++M-R if P>=N; P-N<=U_-+M-R if P<=N, (1) where U_+/- are the smallest number ...

Let V be a real vector space (e.g., the real continuous functions C(I) on a closed interval I, two-dimensional Euclidean space R^2, the twice differentiable real functions ...

Tomography is the study of the reconstruction of two- and three-dimensional objects from one-dimensional slices. The Radon transform is an important tool in tomography. ...

Let m_1, m_2, ..., m_n be distinct primitive elements of a two-dimensional lattice M such that det(m_i,m_(i+1))>0 for i=1, ..., n-1. Each collection Gamma={m_1,m_2,...,m_n} ...

The wave equation is the important partial differential equation del ^2psi=1/(v^2)(partial^2psi)/(partialt^2) (1) that describes propagation of waves with speed v. The form ...

For a connection A and a positive spinor phi in Gamma(V_+), Witten's equations (also called the Seiberg-Witten invariants) are given by D_Aphi = 0 (1) F_+^A = ...

Van der Corput sequences are a means of generating sequences of points that are maximally self-avoiding (a.k.a. quasirandom sequences). In the one-dimensional case, the ...

The proposal originally made by Georg Cantor that there is no infinite set with a cardinal number between that of the "small" infinite set of integers aleph_0 and the "large" ...