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The Pell constant is the infinite product P = 1-product_(k=0)^(infty)(1-1/(2^(2k+1))) (1) = 1-(1/2;1/4)_infty (2) = 0.58057755820489... (3) (OEIS A141848), where (a,q)_infty ...

If f(x) is a nonconstant integer polynomial and c is an integer such that f(c) is divisible by the prime p, that p is called a prime divisor of the polynomial f(x) (Nagell ...

Let alpha be a nonzero rational number alpha=+/-p_1^(alpha_1)p_2^(alpha_2)...p_L^(alpha_L), where p_1, ..., p_L are distinct primes, alpha_l in Z and alpha_l!=0. Then ...

A proposition is a mathematical statement such as "3 is greater than 4," "an infinite set exists," or "7 is prime." An axiom is a proposition that is assumed to be true. With ...

There are several definitions of a ray. When viewed as a vector, a ray is a vector AB^-> from a point A to a point B. In geometry, a ray is usually taken as a half-infinite ...

Let m and m+h be two consecutive critical indices of f and let F be (m+h)-normal. If the polynomials p^~_k^((n)) are defined by p^~_0^((n))(u) = 1 (1) p^~_(k+1)^((n))(u) = ...

A pair of dice which have the same odds for throwing every number as a normal pair of 6-sided dice. They are the only such alternate arrangement if face values are required ...

A system is singular if its condition number is infinite and ill-conditioned if it is too large.

An infinite sequence {a_i} of positive integers is called strongly independent if any relation sumepsilon_ia_i, with epsilon_i=0, +/-1, or +/-2 and epsilon_i=0 except ...

The topological completion C of a field F with respect to the absolute value |·| is the smallest field containing F for which all Cauchy sequences or rationals converge.