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Given any set B, the associated pair groupoid is the set B×B with the maps alpha(a,b)=a and beta(a,b)=b, and multiplication (a,b)·(b,c)=(a,c). The inverse is ...

Given two paired sets X_i and Y_i of n measured values, the paired t-test determines whether they differ from each other in a significant way under the assumptions that the ...

Apply the 196-algorithm, which consists of taking any positive integer of two digits or more, reversing the digits, and adding to the original number. Now sum the two and ...

A simple unlabeled graph on n vertices is called pancyclic if it contains cycles of all lengths, 3, 4, ..., n. Since a pancyclic graph must contain a cycle of length n, ...

A pandiagonal perfect magic cube is a perfect magic cube that remains perfect when any single orthogonal section is "restacked" cyclically so that the ordering of any set of ...

A pandiagonal semiperfect magic cube is a semiperfect magic cube that remains semiperfect when any single orthogonal section is "restacked" cyclically so that the ordering of ...

A fraction containing each of the digits 1 through 9 is called a pandigital fraction. The following table gives the number of pandigital fractions which represent simple unit ...

A linkage invented in 1630 by Christoph Scheiner for making a scaled copy of a given figure. The linkage is pivoted at O; hinges are denoted circledot . By placing a pencil ...

An expanded paper bag, cushion, or pillow has a distinctive shape. Given the dimensions of a flat rectangular bag with dimensions a, b, bounds for the maximum volume of ...

The parabiaugmented dodecahedron is a convex equilateral solid that is Johnson solid J_(60). The unit parabiaugmented dodecahedron has volume V=1/6(25+11sqrt(5)) (1) and Dehn ...