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Erdős offered a $3000 prize for a proof of the proposition that "If the sum of reciprocals of a set of integers diverges, then that set contains arbitrarily long arithmetic ...

The Erdős number is the number of "hops" needed to connect the author of a paper with the prolific late mathematician Paul Erdős. An author's Erdős number is 1 if he has ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+2xy^'-2ny=0, (1) whose solutions may be written either y=Aerfc_n(x)+Berfc_n(-x), (2) where erfc_n(x) is the repeated ...

The "imaginary error function" erfi(z) is an entire function defined by erfi(z)=-ierf(iz), (1) where erf(z) is the erf function. It is implemented in the Wolfram Language as ...

Given a Poisson distribution with a rate of change lambda, the distribution function D(x) giving the waiting times until the hth Poisson event is D(x) = ...

Given a formula y=f(x) with an absolute error in x of dx, the absolute error is dy. The relative error is dy/y. If x=f(u,v,...), then ...

The essential supremum is the proper generalization to measurable functions of the maximum. The technical difference is that the values of a function on a set of measure zero ...

An object is unique if there is no other object satisfying its defining properties. An object is said to be essentially unique if uniqueness is only referred to the ...

An estimate is an educated guess for an unknown quantity or outcome based on known information. The making of estimates is an important part of statistics, since care is ...

The sequence of numbers obtained by letting a_1=2, and defining a_n=lpf(1+product_(k=1)^(n-1)a_k) where lpf(n) is the least prime factor. The first few terms are 2, 3, 7, 43, ...