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A congruence of the form f(x)=g(x) (mod n), where f(x) and g(x) are both integer polynomials. Functional congruences are sometimes also called "identical congruences" (Nagell ...

A functional graph is a directed graph in which each vertex has outdegree one, and can therefore be specified by a function mapping {1,...,n} onto itself. Functional graphs ...

For a form Q, the generic character chi_i(Q) of Q is defined as the values of chi_i(m) where (m,2d)=1 and Q represents m: chi_1(Q), chi_2(Q), ..., chi_r(Q) (Cohn 1980, p. ...

The composition G=G_1[G_2] of graphs G_1 and G_2 with disjoint point sets V_1 and V_2 and edge sets X_1 and X_2 is the graph with point vertex V_1×V_2 and u=(u_1,u_2) ...

The graph difference of graphs G and H is the graph with adjacency matrix given by the difference of adjacency matrices of G and H. A graph difference is defined when the ...

The number of nodes in a graph is called its order.

The periphery of a graph G is the subgraph of G induced by vertices that have graph eccentricities equal to the graph diameter. The periphery of a connected graph may be ...

Grimm conjectured that if n+1, n+2, ..., n+k are all composite numbers, then there are distinct primes p_(i_j) such that p_(i_j)|(n+j) for 1<=j<=k.

If G is a perfect group, then the group center of the quotient group G/Z(G), where Z(G) is the group center of G, is the trivial group.

Every graph with n vertices and maximum vertex degree Delta(G)<=k is (k+1)-colorable with all color classes of size |_n/(k+1)_| or [n/(k+1)], where |_x_| is the floor ...