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Find the plane lamina of least area A which is capable of covering any plane figure of unit generalized diameter. A unit circle is too small, but a hexagon circumscribed on ...

Long multiplication is the method of multiplication that is commonly taught to elementary school students throughout the world. It can be used on two numbers of arbitrarily ...

A Lorentz transformation is a four-dimensional transformation x^('mu)=Lambda^mu_nux^nu, (1) satisfied by all four-vectors x^nu, where Lambda^mu_nu is a so-called Lorentz ...

A function that arises in performance analysis of partially coherent, differentially coherent, and noncoherent communications. The generalized Marcum Q-function is defined by ...

Several prizes are awarded periodically for outstanding mathematical achievement. There is no Nobel Prize in mathematics, and the most prestigious mathematical award is known ...

The Monty Hall problem is named for its similarity to the Let's Make a Deal television game show hosted by Monty Hall. The problem is stated as follows. Assume that a room is ...

Consider the process of taking a number, multiplying its digits, then multiplying the digits of numbers derived from it, etc., until the remaining number has only one digit. ...

A group whose group operation is identified with multiplication. As with normal multiplication, the multiplication operation on group elements is either denoted by a raised ...

The nearest integer function, also called nint or the round function, is defined such that nint(x) is the integer closest to x. While the notation |_x] is sometimes used to ...

In the technical combinatorial sense, an a-ary necklace of length n is a string of n characters, each of a possible types. Rotation is ignored, in the sense that b_1b_2...b_n ...