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Let (A,<=) be a well ordered set. Then the set {a in A:a<k} for some k in A is called an initial segment of A (Rubin 1967, p. 161; Dauben 1990, pp. 196-197; Moore 1982, pp. ...

A function defined for all positive integers, sometimes also called an arithmetic function (Nagell 1951, p. 26) or number theoretic function (Wilf 1994, p. 58).

A partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is an interval order if it is isomorphic to some set of intervals on the real line ordered by left-to-right precedence. Formally, P is an ...

A quantity which remains unchanged under certain classes of transformations. Invariants are extremely useful for classifying mathematical objects because they usually reflect ...

A nonzero module M over a ring R whose only submodules are the module itself and the zero module. It is also called a simple module, and in fact this is the name more ...

Let R[z]>0, 0<=alpha,beta<=1, and Lambda(alpha,beta,z)=sum_(r=0)^infty[lambda((r+alpha)z-ibeta)+lambda((r+1-alpha)z+ibeta)], (1) where lambda(x) = -ln(1-e^(-2pix)) (2) = ...

The Janko-Kharaghani graphs are two strongly regular graph on 936 and 1800 vertices. They have regular parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(936,375,150,150) and (1800,1029,588,588), ...

The composition quotient groups belonging to two composition series of a finite group G are, apart from their sequence, isomorphic in pairs. In other words, if I subset H_s ...

The Jordan canonical form, also called the classical canonical form, of a special type of block matrix in which each block consists of Jordan blocks with possibly differing ...

Given a sequence S_i as input to stage i, form sequence S_(i+1) as follows: 1. For k in [1,...,i], write term i+k and then term i-k. 2. Discard the ith term. 3. Write the ...