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A divergenceless field can be partitioned into a toroidal and a poloidal part. This separation is important in geo- and heliophysics, and in particular in dynamo theory and ...

The polynomial giving the number of colorings with m colors of a structure defined by a permutation group.

A knot equivalent to a polygon in R^3, also called a tame knot. For a polygonal knot K, there exists a plane such that the orthogonal projection pi on it satisfies the ...

One of the symmetry groups of the Platonic solids. There are three polyhedral groups: the tetrahedral group of order 12, the octahedral group of order 24, and the icosahedral ...

An integer which is expressible in more than one way in the form x^2+Dy^2 or x^2-Dy^2 where x^2 is relatively prime to Dy^2. If the integer is expressible in only one way, it ...

The quotient of two polynomials p(x) and q(x), discarding any polynomial remainder. Polynomial quotients are implemented in the Wolfram Language as PolynomialQuotient[p, q, ...

The remainder R(x) obtained when dividing a polynomial p(x) by another polynomial q(x). The polynomial remainder is implemented in the Wolfram Language as ...

A quantity x>0, which may be written with an explicit plus sign for emphasis, +x.

A sequence {mu_n}_(n=0)^infty is positive definite if the moment of every nonnegative polynomial which is not identically zero is greater than zero (Widder 1941, p. 132). ...

A positive measure is a measure which is a function from the measurable sets of a measure space to the nonnegative real numbers. Sometimes, this is what is meant by measure, ...