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Numbers which are not perfect and for which s(N)=sigma(N)-N<N, or equivalently sigma(n)<2n, where sigma(N) is the divisor function. Deficient numbers are sometimes called ...

A (Delta,D)-graph is a graph with maximum vertex degree Delta and diameter at most D. The order of a graph with degree Delta of diameter D is bounded by ...

In continuum theory, a dendrite is a locally connected continuum that contains no simple closed curve. A semicircle is therefore a dendrite, while a triangle is not. The term ...

A Turing machine is called deterministic if there is always at most one instruction associated with a given present internal state/tape state pair (q,s). Otherwise, it is ...

A directed strongly regular graph is a simple directed graph with adjacency matrix A such that the span of A, the identity matrix I, and the unit matrix J is closed under ...

A.k.a. the pigeonhole principle. Given n boxes and m>n objects, at least one box must contain more than one object. This statement has important applications in number theory ...

A graph G is said to be disconnected if it is not connected, i.e., if there exist two nodes in G such that no path in G has those nodes as endpoints. The numbers of ...

The double graph of a given graph G is constructed by making two copies of G (including the initial edge set of each) and adding edges u_1v_2 and v_1u_2 for every edge uv of ...

A two-person game where each of the players can take as long as he likes to prepare his move, but the other can take advantage of his hesitation. In this conflict situation, ...

The edge connectivity, also called the line connectivity, of a graph is the minimum number of edges lambda(G) whose deletion from a graph G disconnects G. In other words, it ...