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A genetic algorithm is a class of adaptive stochastic optimization algorithms involving search and optimization. Genetic algorithms were first used by Holland (1975). The ...

Rule 110 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

An Abelian variety is an algebraic group which is a complete algebraic variety. An Abelian variety of dimension 1 is an elliptic curve.

An attractor is a set of states (points in the phase space), invariant under the dynamics, towards which neighboring states in a given basin of attraction asymptotically ...

Let phi:M->M be a C^1 diffeomorphism on a compact Riemannian manifold M. Then phi satisfies Axiom A if the nonwandering set Omega(phi) of phi is hyperbolic and the periodic ...

The class of continuous functions is called the Baire class 0. For each n, the functions that can be considered as pointwise limits of sequences of functions of Baire class ...

The finite zeros of the derivative r^'(z) of a nonconstant rational function r(z) that are not multiple zeros of r(z) are the positions of equilibrium in the field of force ...

Polynomials s_k(x;lambda) which form a Sheffer sequence with g(t) = 1+e^(lambdat) (1) f(t) = e^t-1 (2) and have generating function ...

The linear Boussinesq equation is the partial differential equation u_(tt)-alpha^2u_(xx)=beta^2u_(xxtt) (1) (Whitham 1974, p. 9; Zwillinger 1997, p. 129). The nonlinear ...

A function with k continuous derivatives is called a C^k function. In order to specify a C^k function on a domain X, the notation C^k(X) is used. The most common C^k space is ...