Search Results for ""

Any composite number n with p|(n/p-1) for all prime divisors p of n. n is a Giuga number iff sum_(k=1)^(n-1)k^(phi(n))=-1 (mod n) (1) where phi is the totient function and ...

The MacBeath inconic of a triangle is the inconic with parameters x:y:z=a^2cosA:b^2cosB:c^2cosC. (1) Its foci are the circumcenter O and the orthocenter H, giving the center ...

A New Kind of Science is a seminal work on simple programs by Stephen Wolfram. In 1980, Wolfram's studies found unexpected behavior in a collection of simple computer ...

Determination of whether predicate P(x_1,...,x_n) is true or false for any given values of x_1, ..., x_n is called its decision problem. The decision problem for predicate ...

The maximum degree, sometimes simply called the maximum degree, of a graph G is the largest vertex degree of G, denoted Delta.

Obstruction theory studies the extensibility of maps using algebraic gadgets. While the terminology rapidly becomes technical and convoluted (as Iyanaga and Kawada (1980) ...

Computational number theory is the branch of number theory concerned with finding and implementing efficient computer algorithms for solving various problems in number ...

For omega a differential (k-1)-form with compact support on an oriented k-dimensional manifold with boundary M, int_Mdomega=int_(partialM)omega, (1) where domega is the ...

kappa(d)={(2lneta(d))/(sqrt(d)) for d>0; (2pi)/(w(d)sqrt(|d|)) for d<0, (1) where eta(d) is the fundamental unit and w(d) is the number of substitutions which leave the ...

A fractional ideal is a generalization of an ideal in a ring R. Instead, a fractional ideal is contained in the number field F, but has the property that there is an element ...