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There are at least two statements which go by the name of Artin's conjecture. If r is any complex finite-dimensional representation of the absolute Galois group of a number ...

A classic arithmetical problem probably first posed by Euclid and investigated by various authors in the Middle Ages. The problem is formulated as a dialogue between the two ...

Given an n-ball B^n of radius R, find the distribution of the lengths s of the lines determined by two points chosen at random within the ball. The probability distribution ...

The Banach-Steinhaus theorem is a result in the field of functional analysis which relates the "size" of a certain subset of points defined relative to a family of linear ...

A Banach space is a complete vector space B with a norm ||·||. Two norms ||·||_((1)) and ||·||_((2)) are called equivalent if they give the same topology, which is equivalent ...

A "beam detector" for a given curve C is defined as a curve (or set of curves) through which every line tangent to or intersecting C passes. The shortest 1-arc beam detector, ...

If a sequence takes only a small number of different values, then by regarding the values as the elements of a finite field, the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm is an efficient ...

The Bernoulli distribution is a discrete distribution having two possible outcomes labelled by n=0 and n=1 in which n=1 ("success") occurs with probability p and n=0 ...

Let E_n(f) be the error of the best uniform approximation to a real function f(x) on the interval [-1,1] by real polynomials of degree at most n. If alpha(x)=|x|, (1) then ...

A general type of statistical distribution which is related to the gamma distribution. Beta distributions have two free parameters, which are labeled according to one of two ...