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There are a number of mathematical curves that produced heart shapes, some of which are illustrated above. A "zeroth" curve is a rotated cardioid (whose name means ...

A Diophantine problem (i.e., one whose solution must be given in terms of integers) which seeks a solution to the following problem. Given n men and a pile of coconuts, each ...

A hyperbola for which the asymptotes are perpendicular, also called an equilateral hyperbola or right hyperbola. This occurs when the semimajor and semiminor axes are equal. ...

Stratton (1935), Chu and Stratton (1941), and Rhodes (1970) define the spheroidal functions as those solutions of the differential equation (1) that remain finite at the ...

Fermat's last theorem is a theorem first proposed by Fermat in the form of a note scribbled in the margin of his copy of the ancient Greek text Arithmetica by Diophantus. The ...

Differential Equations

An algebraic curve over a field K is an equation f(X,Y)=0, where f(X,Y) is a polynomial in X and Y with coefficients in K. A nonsingular algebraic curve is an algebraic curve ...

The n-ball, denoted B^n, is the interior of a sphere S^(n-1), and sometimes also called the n-disk. (Although physicists often use the term "sphere" to mean the solid ball, ...

A weakly binary tree is a planted tree in which all nonroot graph vertices are adjacent to at most three graph vertices. Let g(z)=sum_(i=0)^inftyg_iz^i, (1) be the generating ...

A magic square for which the number of letters in the word for each number generates another magic square. This definition depends, of course, on the language being used. In ...