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Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...

Let G be a finite graph and v a vertex of G. The stabilizer of v, stab(v), is the set of group elements {g in Aut(G)|g(v)=v}, where Aut(g) is the graph automorphism group. ...

The exponent is the component of a finite floating-point representation that signifies the integer power to which the radix is raised in determining the value of that ...

In his monumental treatise Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, Gauss conjectured that the class number h(-d) of an imaginary quadratic field with binary quadratic form discriminant ...

The generalized Gell-Mann matrices are the n^2-1 matrices generating the Lie algebra associated to the special unitary group SU(n), n>=2. As their name suggests, these ...

Given two randomly chosen n×n integer matrices, what is the probability D(n) that the corresponding determinants are relatively prime? Hafner et al. (1993) showed that ...

A statistic which assigns a single number to several individual statistics in order to quantify trends. The best-known index in the United States is the consumer price index, ...

d sum OEIS 0 23.10344 A082839 1 16.17696 A082830 2 19.25735 A082831 3 20.56987 A082832 4 21.32746 A082833 5 21.83460 A082834 6 22.20559 A082835 7 22.49347 A082836 8 22.72636 ...

Lagrange multipliers, also called Lagrangian multipliers (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 945), can be used to find the extrema of a multivariate function f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) subject to ...

Let n be an integer variable which tends to infinity and let x be a continuous variable tending to some limit. Also, let phi(n) or phi(x) be a positive function and f(n) or ...