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Bisection is the division of a given curve, figure, or interval into two equal parts (halves). A simple bisection procedure for iteratively converging on a solution which is ...

The problem of finding the number of different ways in which a product of n different ordered factors can be calculated by pairs (i.e., the number of binary bracketings of n ...

A complex number may be taken to the power of another complex number. In particular, complex exponentiation satisfies (a+bi)^(c+di)=(a^2+b^2)^((c+id)/2)e^(i(c+id)arg(a+ib)), ...

Two complex numbers x=a+ib and y=c+id are multiplied as follows: xy = (a+ib)(c+id) (1) = ac+ibc+iad-bd (2) = (ac-bd)+i(ad+bc). (3) In component form, ...

In voting theory, a Condorcet candidate is a candidate who always wins in a 2-person election but loses in larger election. For example, consider the 6-tuples of 6-sided die ...

Direct search factorization is the simplest (and most simple-minded) prime factorization algorithm. It consists of searching for factors of a number by systematically ...

The set containing no elements, commonly denoted emptyset or emptyset, the former of which is used in this work. These correspond to Wolfram Language and TeX characters ...

Given a formula y=f(x) with an absolute error in x of dx, the absolute error is dy. The relative error is dy/y. If x=f(u,v,...), then ...

At rational arguments p/q, the digamma function psi_0(p/q) is given by psi_0(p/q)=-gamma-ln(2q)-1/2picot(p/qpi) +2sum_(k=1)^([q/2]-1)cos((2pipk)/q)ln[sin((pik)/q)] (1) for ...

Let a straight line AB be divided internally at C and externally at D in the same ratio, so that (AC)/(CB)=-(AD)/(DB). Then AB is said to be divided harmonically at C and D ...