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The first and second Zagreb indices for a graph with vertex count n and vertex degrees v_i for i=1, ..., n are defined by Z_1=sum_(i=1)^nv_i^2 and Z_2=sum_((i,j) in ...

The Zak transform is a signal transform relevant to time-continuous signals sampled at a uniform rate and an arbitrary clock phase (Janssen 1988). The Zak transform of a ...

The Zariski topology is a topology that is well-suited for the study of polynomial equations in algebraic geometry, since a Zariski topology has many fewer open sets than in ...

The Zeckendorf representation of a positive integer n is a representation of n as a sum of nonconsecutive distinct Fibonacci numbers, n=sum_(k=2)^Lepsilon_kF_k, where ...

A version of set theory which is a formal system expressed in first-order predicate logic. Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory is based on the Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms. ...

The version of set theory obtained if Axiom 6 of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory is replaced by 6'. Selection axiom (or "axiom of subsets"): for any set-theoretic formula A(u), ...

A zero-symmetric graph is a vertex-transitive cubic graph whose edges are partitioned into three orbits by its automorphism group. The figures above show some small ...

The identity element of an additive monoid or group or of any other algebraic structure (e.g., ring, module, abstract vector space, algebra) equipped with an addition. It is ...

A zero matrix is an m×n matrix consisting of all 0s (MacDuffee 1943, p. 27), denoted 0. Zero matrices are sometimes also known as null matrices (Akivis and Goldberg 1972, p. ...

Given a positive nondecreasing sequence 0<lambda_1<=lambda_2<=..., the zeta-regularized product is defined by product_(n=1)^^^inftylambda_n=exp(-zeta_lambda^'(0)), where ...