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Zero-Symmetric Graph


ZeroSymmetricGraphs

A zero-symmetric graph is a vertex-transitive cubic graph whose edges are partitioned into three orbits by its automorphism group. The figures above show some small zero-symmetric graphs.

A vertex-transitive cubic graph cannot be zero-symmetric if a graph automorphism fixes a graph vertex and exchanges two of its incident edges. Those two edges belong to the same group orbit. Since the graph is vertex-transitive, every group orbit on edges has a representative incident to the fixed graph vertex, so there can be at most two such orbits.

In particular, no cubic circulant graph is zero-symmetric. The three neighbors of graph vertex 0 are a, -a, and n/2 modulo the even graph order n, where a≢-a  (modn). The graph automorphism i|->-i  (modn) fixes 0 and exchanges the incident edges to a and -a.

A drawing of the smallest zero-symmetric graph appears on the cover of Coxeter et al. (1981) and on p. 5.


See also

Circulant Graph, Cubic Vertex-Transitive Graph, Great Rhombicosidodecahedral Graph, Great Rhombicuboctahedral Graph, Haar Graph

Portions of this entry contributed by Simone Severini

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References

Coxeter, H. S. M.; Frucht, R.; and Powers, D. L. Zero-Symmetric Graphs: Trivalent Graphical Regular Representations of Groups. New York: Academic Press, 1981.Hladnik, M.; Marušič, D.; and Pisanski, T. "Cyclic Haar Graphs." Disc. Math. 244, 137-153, 2002.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Zero-Symmetric Graph

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W., with contributions by Simone Severini. "Zero-Symmetric Graph." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Zero-SymmetricGraph.html

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