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A matrix, also called a canonical box matrix, having zeros everywhere except along the diagonal and superdiagonal, with each element of the diagonal consisting of a single ...

Sprague (1963) considered the problem of "rolling" five cubes, each which an upright letter "A" on its top, on a chessboard. Here "rolling" means the cubes are moved from ...

A substitution system in which rules are used to operate on a string consisting of letters of a certain alphabet. String rewriting systems are also variously known as ...

A perfect cuboid is a cuboid having integer side lengths, integer face diagonals d_(ab) = sqrt(a^2+b^2) (1) d_(ac) = sqrt(a^2+c^2) (2) d_(bc) = sqrt(b^2+c^2), (3) and an ...

Three-dimensional generalization of the polyominoes to n dimensions. The number of polycubes N(n) composed of n cubes are 1, 1, 2, 8, 29, 166, 1023, ... (OEIS A000162; Ball ...

The volume of a solid body is the amount of "space" it occupies. Volume has units of length cubed (i.e., cm^3, m^3, in^3, etc.) For example, the volume of a box (cuboid) of ...

A catastrophe which can occur for four control factors and one behavior axis. The butterfly catastrophe is the universal unfolding of the singularity f(x)=x^6 of codimension ...

A cubic spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which pass through a set of m control points. The second derivative of each polynomial is commonly ...

An extension of two-valued logic such that statements need not be true or false, but may have a degree of truth between 0 and 1. Such a system can be extremely useful in ...

Interval arithmetic is the arithmetic of quantities that lie within specified ranges (i.e., intervals) instead of having definite known values. Interval arithmetic can be ...