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Two quantities are said to be equal if they are, in some well-defined sense, equivalent. Equality of quantities a and b is written a=b. Equal is implemented in the Wolfram ...

Various handshaking problems are in circulation, the most common one being the following. In a room of n people, how many different handshakes are possible? The answer is (n; ...

Divide a set of data into two groups (high and low) of equal size at the statistical median if there is an even number of data points, or two groups consisting of points on ...

A surface of revolution defined by Kepler. It consists of less than half of a circular arc rotated about an axis passing through the endpoints of the arc. The equations of ...

A Lindenmayer system, also known as an L-system, is a string rewriting system that can be used to generate fractals with dimension between 1 and 2. Several example fractals ...

The placement of objects so that they touch in some specified manner, often inside a container with specified properties. For example, one could consider a sphere packing, ...

Ramsey's theorem is a generalization of Dilworth's lemma which states for each pair of positive integers k and l there exists an integer R(k,l) (known as the Ramsey number) ...

The Robbins constant is the mean line segment length, i.e., the expected distance between two points chosen at random in cube line picking, namely Delta(3) = (1) = (2) = ...

A number which does not divide another exactly. For instance, 4 and 5 are aliquant divisors of 6. A number which is not an aliquant divisor (i.e., one that does divide ...

The term annihilator is used in several different ways in various aspects of mathematics. It is most commonly used to mean the set of all functions satisfying a given set of ...