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In an additive group G, the additive inverse of an element a is the element a^' such that a+a^'=a^'+a=0, where 0 is the additive identity of G. Usually, the additive inverse ...

The Alexander invariant H_*(X^~) of a knot K is the homology of the infinite cyclic cover of the complement of K, considered as a module over Lambda, the ring of integral ...

An algebraic group is a variety (or scheme) endowed with a group structure such that the group operations are morphisms of varieties (or schemes). The concept is similar to ...

Analytic number theory is the branch of number theory which uses real and complex analysis to investigate various properties of integers and prime numbers. Examples of topics ...

The word argument is used in several differing contexts in mathematics. The most common usage refers to the argument of a function, but is also commonly used to refer to the ...

If f(z) is meromorphic in a region R enclosed by a contour gamma, let N be the number of complex roots of f(z) in gamma, and P be the number of poles in gamma, with each zero ...

An arithmetic function is a function f(n) defined for all n in N, usually taken to be complex-valued, so that f:N->C (Jones and Jones 1998, p. 143). An alternative definition ...

An automorphism is an isomorphism of a system of objects onto itself. The term derives from the Greek prefix alphaupsilontauomicron (auto) "self" and ...

A Banach algebra is an algebra B over a field F endowed with a norm ||·|| such that B is a Banach space under the norm ||·|| and ||xy||<=||x||||y||. F is frequently taken to ...

Given a complex Hilbert space H with associated space L(H) of continuous linear operators from H to itself, the bicommutant M^('') of an arbitrary subset M subset= L(H) is ...