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Find a closed plane curve of a given perimeter which encloses the greatest area. The solution is a circle. If the class of curves to be considered is limited to smooth ...

The isoperimetric quotient of a closed curve is defined as the ratio of the curve area to the area of a circle (A=pir_A^2) with same perimeter (p=2pir_p) as the curve, Q = ...

For a given curve C, consider the locus of the point P from where the tangents from P to C meet at a fixed given angle. This is called an isoptic curve of the given curve. ...

A right triangle with the two legs (and their corresponding angles) equal. An isosceles right triangle therefore has angles of 45 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees. For an ...

Suppose a line L^' meets sidelines BC, CA, and AB in points A^', B^', and C^', respectively. Let A^('') be the reflection of A^' about the midpoint of segment BC, and ...

Some elements of a group G acting on a space X may fix a point x. These group elements form a subgroup called the isotropy group, defined by G_x={g in G:gx=x}. For example, ...

Find the surface enclosing the maximum volume per unit surface area, I=V/S. The solution is a sphere, which has I_(sphere)=(4/3pir^3)/(4pir^2)=1/3r. The fact that a sphere ...

An iterated map is a map that is applied repeatedly to an object. The Wolfram Language function NestList[f, expr, n] gives a list of the results of iterating the function f n ...

The Ivanov-Ivanov-Faradjev graph is a distance-regular graph on 990 vertices (Brouwer et al. 1989, p. 369). It has intersection array {7,6,4,4,4,1,1,1;1,1,1,2,4,4,6,7} and is ...

The Jackson-Slater identity is the q-series identity of Rogers-Ramanujan-type given by sum_(k=0)^(infty)(q^(2k^2))/((q)_(2k)) = ...