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The girth of a graphs is the length of one of its (if any) shortest graph cycles. Acyclic graphs are considered to have infinite girth (Skiena 1990, p. 191). The girth of a ...

The locus of a point P (or the envelope of a line) fixed in relation to a curve C which slides between fixed curves. For example, if C is a line segment and P a point on the ...

A 4×4 magic square in which the elements in each 2×2 corner have the same sum. Dürer's magic square, illustrated above, is an example of a gnomon magic square since the sums ...

The gnomonic projection is a nonconformal map projection obtained by projecting points P_1 (or P_2) on the surface of sphere from a sphere's center O to point P in a plane ...

An illusion in which the eye alternately sees two black faces, or a white goblet.

The Goddard-Henning enneahedron, a term coined here, is the canonical polyhedron obtained from the Goddard-Henning graph. It has 9 vertices, 16 edges (consisting of 3 ...

If T is a set of axioms in a first-order language, and a statement p holds for any structure M satisfying T, then p can be formally deduced from T in some appropriately ...

Gödel's second incompleteness theorem states no consistent axiomatic system which includes Peano arithmetic can prove its own consistency. Stated more colloquially, any ...

Goldberg polyhedra are convex polyhedra first described by Goldberg (1937) and classified in more detail by Hart (2013) for which each face is a regular pentagon or regular ...

A golden isozonohedron is a zonohedron all of whose faces are golden rhombi. There exist exactly five golden isozonohedra, as summarized in the following table. face count ...