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In general, there are two important types of curvature: extrinsic curvature and intrinsic curvature. The extrinsic curvature of curves in two- and three-space was the first ...

The pedal of a curve C with respect to a point O is the locus of the foot of the perpendicular from O to the tangent to the curve. More precisely, given a curve C, the pedal ...

That portion of geometry dealing with figures in a plane, as opposed to solid geometry. Plane geometry deals with the circle, line, polygon, etc.

The Simson line is the line containing the feet P_1, P_2, and P_3 of the perpendiculars from an arbitrary point P on the circumcircle of a triangle to the sides or their ...

Given a chord PQ of a circle, draw any other two chords AB and CD passing through its midpoint. Call the points where AD and BC meet PQ X and Y. Then M is also the midpoint ...

An evolute is the locus of centers of curvature (the envelope) of a plane curve's normals. The original curve is then said to be the involute of its evolute. Given a plane ...

The point F at which the incircle and nine-point circle are tangent. It has triangle center function alpha=1-cos(B-C) (1) and is Kimberling center X_(11). If F is the ...

Given triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3, let the point of intersection of A_2Omega and A_3Omega^' be B_1, where Omega and Omega^' are the Brocard points, and similarly define B_2 and ...

The triangle DeltaN_1N_2N_3 formed by joining a set of three Neuberg centers (i.e., centers of the Neuberg circles) obtained from the edges of a given triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3 ...

The Greek problems of antiquity were a set of geometric problems whose solution was sought using only compass and straightedge: 1. circle squaring. 2. cube duplication. 3. ...