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The Gauss-Bonnet formula has several formulations. The simplest one expresses the total Gaussian curvature of an embedded triangle in terms of the total geodesic curvature of ...

A birotunda in which the bases are in the same orientation.

The position of a rational number in the sequence 1/1, 1/2, 2/1, 1/3, 3/1, 1/4, 2/3, 3/2, 4/1, 1/5, ..., ordered in terms of increasing numerator+denominator.

A set of four, also called a quartet.

Arc length is defined as the length along a curve, s=int_gamma|dl|, (1) where dl is a differential displacement vector along a curve gamma. For example, for a circle of ...

A B-spline is a generalization of the Bézier curve. Let a vector known as the knot vector be defined T={t_0,t_1,...,t_m}, (1) where T is a nondecreasing sequence with t_i in ...

Lockwood (1957) terms the ellipse negative pedal curve with pedal point at the focus "Burleigh's oval" in honor of his student M. J. Burleigh, who first drew his attention to ...

A Lindenmayer system, also known as an L-system, is a string rewriting system that can be used to generate fractals with dimension between 1 and 2. Several example fractals ...

Let k be a field of finite characteristic p. Then a polynomial P(x) in k[x] is said to be additive iff P(a)+P(b)=P(a+b) for {a,b,a+b} subset k. For example, P(x)=x^2+x+4 is ...

The term "Cartan algebra" has two meanings in mathematics, so care is needed in determining from context which meaning is intended. One meaning is a "Cartan subalgebra," ...