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In the triangle DeltaABC illustrated above, side c subtends angle ∠C. More generally, given a geometric object O in the plane and a point P, let A be the angle from one edge ...

A condition used in the definition of a mathematical object, commonly denoted : or |. For example, the rationals Q can be defined by Q={p/q:q!=0,p,q in Z}, read as "the set ...

A condition which, if true, guarantees that a result is also true. (However, the result may also be true if the condition is not met.) If a condition is both necessary and ...

The sum rule for differentiation states d/(dx)[f(x)+g(x)]=f^'(x)+g^'(x), (1) where d/dx denotes a derivative and f^'(x) and g^'(x) are the derivatives of f(x) and g(x), ...

Summation by parts for discrete variables is the equivalent of integration by parts for continuous variables Delta^(-1)[v(x)Deltau(x)]=u(x)v(x)-Delta^(-1)[Eu(x)Deltav(x)], ...

The superdiagonal of a square matrix is the set of elements directly above the elements comprising the diagonal. For example, in the following matrix, the diagonal elements ...

Trials for which the Lexis ratio L=sigma/(sigma_B), satisfies L>1, where sigma is the variance in a set of s Lexis trials and sigma_B is the variance assuming Bernoulli ...

For a linear homogeneous ordinary differential equation, if y_1(x) and y_2(x) are solutions, then so is y_1(x)+y_2(x).

A quantity displayed above the normal line of text (and generally in a smaller point size), as the "i" in x^i, is called a superscript. Superscripts are commonly used to ...

Two angles alpha and beta for which alpha+beta=pi are said to be supplementary. In other words, alpha and beta are supplementary angles if they produce a straight angle when ...