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A tree which is not rooted, i.e., a normal tree with no node singled out for special treatment (Skiena 1990, p. 107). Free trees are sometimes known instead as unrooted trees ...

A strophoid of a circle with the pole O at the center of the circle and the fixed point P on the circumference of the circle. Freeth (1878, pp. 130 and 228) described this ...

French curves are plastic (or wooden) templates having an edge composed of several different curves. French curves are used in drafting (or were before computer-aided design) ...

Also known as the Serret-Frenet formulas, these vector differential equations relate inherent properties of a parametrized curve. In matrix form, they can be written [T^.; ...

The tabulation of raw data obtained by dividing it into classes of some size and computing the number of data elements (or their fraction out of the total) falling within ...

Let a^p+b^p=c^p be a solution to Fermat's last theorem. Then the corresponding Frey curve is y^2=x(x-a^p)(x+b^p). (1) Ribet (1990a) showed that such curves cannot be modular, ...

Let Omega be an open, bounded, and connected subset of R^d for some d and let dx denote d-dimensional Lebesgue measure on R^d. In functional analysis, the Friedrichs ...

A friendly number is a number that is a member of a friendly pair or a higher-order friendly n-tuple. Numbers that are not friendly are said to be solitary. There are some ...

The Frobenius norm, sometimes also called the Euclidean norm (a term unfortunately also used for the vector L^2-norm), is matrix norm of an m×n matrix A defined as the square ...

The Frobenius number is the largest value b for which the Frobenius equation a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=b, (1) has no solution, where the a_i are positive integers, b is an ...