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The Brent-Salamin formula, also called the Gauss-Salamin formula or Salamin formula, is a formula that uses the arithmetic-geometric mean to compute pi. It has quadratic ...

The least number of unknotted arcs lying above the plane in any projection. The knot 05-002 has bridge number 2. Such knots are called 2-bridge knots. There is a one-to-one ...

Brown numbers are pairs (m,n) of integers satisfying the condition of Brocard's problem, i.e., such that n!+1=m^2 where n! is the factorial and m^2 is a square number. Only ...

A catastrophe which can occur for four control factors and one behavior axis. The butterfly catastrophe is the universal unfolding of the singularity f(x)=x^6 of codimension ...

Letting Lk be the linking number of the two components of a ribbon, Tw be the twist, and Wr be the writhe, then Lk(K)=Tw(K)+Wr(K). (Adams 1994, p. 187).

The set of all sets is its own power set. Therefore, the cardinal number of the set of all sets must be bigger than itself.

The symbol intersection , used for the intersection of sets, and sometimes also for the logical connective AND instead of the symbol ^ (wedge). In fact, for any two sets A ...

Carmichael's conjecture asserts that there are an infinite number of Carmichael numbers. This was proven by Alford et al. (1994).

For any system that seeks to minimize a function, only seven different local forms of catastrophe "typically" occur for four or fewer variables: 1. Fold catastrophe, 2. Cusp ...

Let P be a finite partially ordered set. A chain in P is a set of pairwise comparable elements (i.e., a totally ordered subset). The partial order length of P is the maximum ...