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An extremum is a maximum or minimum. An extremum may be local (a.k.a. a relative extremum; an extremum in a given region which is not the overall maximum or minimum) or ...

In a given acute triangle DeltaABC, find the inscribed triangle whose perimeter is as small as possible. The answer is the orthic triangle of DeltaABC. The problem was ...

A variation of chess involving a change in the form of the board, the rules of play, or the pieces used. For example, the normal rules of chess can be used but with a ...

A module M over a unit ring R is called faithful if for all distinct elements a, b of R, there exists x in M such that ax!=bx. In other words, the multiplications by a and by ...

A module M over a unit ring R is called faithfully flat if the tensor product functor - tensor _RM is exact and faithful. A faithfully flat module is always flat and ...

A fallacy is an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning. The great Greek geometer Euclid wrote an entire book on geometric ...

Euler (1738, 1753) considered the series s_a(x)=sum_(n=1)^infty[1/(1-a^n)product_(k=0)^(n-1)(1-xa^(-k))]. He showed that just like log_a(a^n)=n, s_a(a^n)=n for nonnegative ...

Fano's geometry is a finite geometry attributed to Fano from around the year 1892. This geometry comes with five axioms, namely: 1. There exists at least one line. 2. Every ...

The far-out point F of a triangle DeltaABC is the inverse point of the triangle centroid with respect to the circumcircle of DeltaABC. For a triangle with side lengths a, b, ...

For a general second-order linear recurrence equation f_(n+1)=xf_n+yf_(n-1), (1) define a multiplication rule on ordered pairs by (A,B)(C,D)=(AD+BC+xAC,BD+yAC). (2) The ...