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The Krohn-Rhodes complexity, also called the group complexity or simply "the complexity," of a finite semigroup S is the smallest number of groups in a wreath product of ...

A transformation of a hypergeometric function,

The order n>=2 L-polyomino consists of a vertical line of n squares with a single additional square attached at the bottom.

Let S={x_1,...,x_n} be a set of n distinct positive integers. Then the matrix [S]_n having the least common multiple LCM(x_i,x_j) of x_i and x_j as its i,jth entry is called ...

A leg of a triangle is one of its sides. For a right triangle, the term "leg" generally refers to a side other than the one opposite the right angle (which is termed the ...

A quantity a is said to be less than b if a is smaller than b, written a<b. If a is less than or equal to b, the relationship is written a<=b. In the Wolfram Language, this ...

The fractal curve illustrated above, with base curve and motif illustrated below.

For two lines in the plane with endpoints (x_1,x_2) and (x_3,x_4), the angle between them is given by costheta=((x_2-x_1)·(x_4-x_3))/(|x_2-x_1||x_4-x_3|). (1) The angle theta ...

A curve on a surface whose tangents are always in the direction of principal curvature. The equation of the lines of curvature can be written |g_(11) g_(12) g_(22); b_(11) ...

A roll of 4 on a pair of six-sided dice in the game of craps (Gardner 1978, p. 256). The probability of rolling "a little Joe" is 1/12, or 8.333...%. A roll of "4 the hard ...