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Given a subset S subset R^n and a point x in S, the contingent cone K_S(x) at x with respect to S is defined to be the set K_S(x)={h:d_S^-(x;h)=0} where d_S^- is the upper ...

A concise notation based on the concept of the tangle used by Conway (1967) to enumerate prime knots up to 11 crossings. An algebraic knot containing no negative signs in its ...

The Cookson Hills series is the series similar to the Flint Hills series, but with numerator sec^2n instead of csc^2n: S_2=sum_(n=1)^infty(sec^2n)/(n^3) (Pickover 2002, p. ...

A set function mu possesses countable additivity if, given any countable disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

A positive integer: 1, 2, 3, 4, ... (OEIS A000027), also called a natural number. However, zero (0) is sometimes also included in the list of counting numbers. Due to lack of ...

An unsolvable problem in logic dating back to the ancient Greeks and quoted, for example, by German philosopher Carl von Prantl (1855). The dilemma consists of a crocodile ...

Let a knot K be parameterized by a vector function v(t) with t in S^1, and let w be a fixed unit vector in R^3. Count the number of local minima of the projection function ...

An equation of the form y=ax^3+bx^2+cx+d, (1) where the three roots of the equation coincide (and are therefore real), i.e., y=a(x-r)^3=a(x^3-3rx^2-3r^2x-r^3). (2) Loomis ...

An oval dissected into pieces which are to used to create pictures. The resulting figures resemble those constructed out of tangrams.

The cut elimination theorem, also called the "Hauptsatz" (Gentzen 1969), states that every sequent calculus derivation can be transformed into another derivation with the ...