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A subspace A of X is called a deformation retract of X if there is a homotopy F:X×I->X (called a retract) such that for all x in X and a in A, 1. F(x,0)=x, 2. F(x,1) in A, ...

A subspace A of X is called a strong deformation retract of X if there is a homotopy F:X×I->X (called a retract) such that for all x in X, a in A, and t in I, 1. F(x,0)=x, 2. ...

A data structure designed to allow repeated extraction of the smallest remaining key (Skiena 1990, p. 38).

A lag system, introduced by Wang (1963), is a sort of opposite to a tag system. Lag systems allow dependence on more than just the first element, but remove only the first ...

If a is a point in the open unit disk, then the Blaschke factor is defined by B_a(z)=(z-a)/(1-a^_z), where a^_ is the complex conjugate of a. Blaschke factors allow the ...

A skew coordinate system is a system of curvilinear coordinates in which each family of surfaces intersects the others at angles other than right angles. Skew coordinate ...

While many computations admit shortcuts that allow them to be performed more rapidly, others cannot be sped up. Computations that cannot be sped up by means of any shortcut ...

Nonstandard analysis is a branch of mathematical logic which introduces hyperreal numbers to allow for the existence of "genuine infinitesimals," which are numbers that are ...

A distance g on a set that fulfils the same properties as a metric except relaxes the definition to allow the distance between two different points to be zero. An example of ...

A sultan has granted a commoner a chance to marry one of his n daughters. The commoner will be presented with the daughters one at a time and, when each daughter is ...