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There are a number of functions in mathematics denoted with upper or lower case Qs. 1. The nome q. 2. A prefix denoting q-analogs and q-series. 3. Q_n or q_n with n=0, 1, 2, ...

A Shanks (a,b)-chain is a sequence of primes p_i of the form p_(i+1)=ap_i^2-b, with a and b integers. On Sep. 1, 2000, P. Leyland found a (4, 17)-chain of length 6, and on ...

The minimal polynomial S_n(x) whose roots are sums and differences of the square roots of the first n primes, ...

The set of n quantities v_j are components of an n-dimensional vector v iff, under rotation, v_i^'=a_(ij)v_j (1) for i=1, 2, ..., n. The direction cosines between x_i^' and ...

The substitution of x=w-p/(3w) (1) into the standard form cubic equation x^3+px=q. (2) The result reduces the cubic to the equation w^3-(p^3)/(27w^3)-q=0, (3) which is easily ...

A generalization of the Lebesgue integral. A measurable function f(x) is called A-integrable over the closed interval [a,b] if m{x:|f(x)|>n}=O(n^(-1)), (1) where m is the ...

The greatest radial distance of an ellipse as measured from a focus. Taking v=pi in the equation of an ellipse r=(a(1-e^2))/(1+ecosv) gives the apoapsis distance r_+=a(1+e). ...

The number of ways in which a group of n with weights sum_(i=1)^(n)w_i=1 can change a losing coalition (one with sumw_i<1/2) to a winning one, or vice versa. It was proposed ...

Baxter's four-coloring constant for a triangular lattice is given by C^2 = product_(j=1)^(infty)((3j-1)^2)/((3j-2)(3j)) (1) = 3/(4pi^2)Gamma^3(1/3) (2) = 1.46099848... (3) ...

A function f(x) is completely convex in an open interval (a,b) if it has derivatives of all orders there and if (-1)^kf^((2k))(x)>=0 for k=0, 1, 2, ... in that interval ...