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A Hamiltonian cycle, also called a Hamiltonian circuit, Hamilton cycle, or Hamilton circuit, is a graph cycle (i.e., closed loop) through a graph that visits each node ...

Draw antiparallels through the symmedian point K. The points where these lines intersect the sides then lie on a circle, known as the cosine circle (or sometimes the second ...

A differential evolution method used to minimize functions of real variables. Evolution strategies are significantly faster at numerical optimization than traditional genetic ...

Let E_1(x) be the En-function with n=1, E_1(x) = int_1^infty(e^(-tx)dt)/t (1) = int_x^infty(e^(-u)du)/u. (2) Then define the exponential integral Ei(x) by E_1(x)=-Ei(-x), (3) ...

The number M_2(n) = 1/nsum_(k=1)^(n^2)k (1) = 1/2n(n^2+1) (2) to which the n numbers in any horizontal, vertical, or main diagonal line must sum in a magic square. The first ...

The lines containing the three points of the intersection of the three pairs of opposite sides of a (not necessarily regular) hexagon. There are 6! (i.e., 6 factorial) ...

If p is prime, then p|P(p), where P(p) is a member of the Perrin sequence 3, 0, 2, 3, 2, 5, 5, 7, 10, 12, 17, ... (OEIS A001608). A Perrin pseudoprime is a composite number n ...

A notion introduced by R. M. Wilson in 1974. Given a finite graph G with n vertices, puz(G) is defined as the graph whose nodes are the labelings of G leaving one node ...

A solid dissection puzzle invented by Piet Hein during a lecture on Quantum Mechanics by Werner Heisenberg. There are seven soma pieces composed of all the irregular ...

A string figure is any pattern produced when a looped string is spanned between two hands and is twisted and woven in various manners around the fingers and the wrists. The ...