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Baxter's four-coloring constant for a triangular lattice is given by C^2 = product_(j=1)^(infty)((3j-1)^2)/((3j-2)(3j)) (1) = 3/(4pi^2)Gamma^3(1/3) (2) = 1.46099848... (3) ...

A square matrix is called bisymmetric if it is both centrosymmetric and either symmetric or antisymmetric (Muir 1960, p. 19).

Also called a chain map. Given two chain complexes C_* and D_*, a chain homomorphism is given by homomorphisms alpha_i:C_i->D_i such that alpha degreespartial_C=partial_D ...

Given a point lattice, a cluster is a group of filled cells which are all connected to their neighbors vertically or horizontally.

A generalization of Poncelet's continuity principle made by H. Schubert in 1874-1879. The conservation of number principle asserts that the number of solutions of any ...

A convex polyomino (sometimes called a "convex polygon") is a polyomino whose perimeter is equal to that of its minimal bounding box (Bousquet-Mélou et al. 1999). ...

A rewriting of a given quantity (e.g., a matrix) in terms of a combination of "simpler" quantities.

A double sum is a series having terms depending on two indices, sum_(i,j)b_(ij). (1) A finite double series can be written as a product of series ...

A dual number is a number x+epsilony, where x,y in R and epsilon is a matrix with the property that epsilon^2=0 (such as epsilon=[0 1; 0 0]).

Let Jones and Smith be the only two contestants in an election that will end in a deadlock when all votes for Jones (J) and Smith (S) are counted. What is the expectation ...