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Values of the trigonometric functions can be expressed exactly for integer multiples of pi/20. For cosx, cos(pi/(20)) = 1/4sqrt(8+2sqrt(10+2sqrt(5))) (1) cos((3pi)/(20)) = ...

Bürmann's theorem deals with the expansion of functions in powers of another function. Let phi(z) be a function of z which is analytic in a closed region S, of which a is an ...

The map projection having transformation equations x = (lambda-lambda_0)cosphi_s (1) y = sinphisecphi_s (2) for the normal aspect, where lambda is the longitude, lambda_0 is ...

In mathematics, a formal language is normally defined by an alphabet and formation rules. The alphabet of a formal language is a set of symbols on which this language is ...

The hyperbolic cosecant is defined as cschz=1/(sinhz)=2/(e^z-e^(-z)). (1) It is implemented in the Wolfram Language as Csch[z]. It is related to the hyperbolic cotangent ...

The hyperbolic cotangent is defined as cothz=(e^z+e^(-z))/(e^z-e^(-z))=(e^(2z)+1)/(e^(2z)-1). (1) The notation cthz is sometimes also used (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. ...

The hyperbolic secant is defined as sechz = 1/(coshz) (1) = 2/(e^z+e^(-z)), (2) where coshz is the hyperbolic cosine. It is implemented in the Wolfram Language as Sech[z]. On ...

The computation of points or values between ones that are known or tabulated using the surrounding points or values. In particular, given a univariate function f=f(x), ...

Let a, b, and c be the lengths of the legs of a triangle opposite angles A, B, and C. Then the law of cosines states a^2 = b^2+c^2-2bccosA (1) b^2 = a^2+c^2-2accosB (2) c^2 = ...

The Mercator projection is a map projection that was widely used for navigation since loxodromes are straight lines (although great circles are curved). The following ...