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A linear recurrence equation is a recurrence equation on a sequence of numbers {x_n} expressing x_n as a first-degree polynomial in x_k with k<n. For example ...

The function lambda(n)=(-1)^(Omega(n)), (1) where Omega(n) is the number of not necessarily distinct prime factors of n, with Omega(1)=0. The values of lambda(n) for n=1, 2, ...

Zygmund (1988, p. 192) noted that there exists a number alpha_0 in (0,1) such that for each alpha>=alpha_0, the partial sums of the series sum_(n=1)^(infty)n^(-alpha)cos(nx) ...

The Lucas-Lehmer test is an efficient deterministic primality test for determining if a Mersenne number M_n is prime. Since it is known that Mersenne numbers can only be ...

A geometric construction done with a movable compass alone. All constructions possible with a compass and straightedge are possible with a movable compass alone, as was ...

The largest value of a set, function, etc. The maximum value of a set of elements A={a_i}_(i=1)^N is denoted maxA or max_(i)a_i, and is equal to the last element of a sorted ...

The smallest value of a set, function, etc. The minimum value of a set of elements A={a_i}_(i=1)^N is denoted minA or min_(i)a_i, and is equal to the first element of a ...

Minkowski's question mark function is the function y=?(x) defined by Minkowski for the purpose of mapping the quadratic surds in the open interval (0,1) into the rational ...

An obtuse triangle is a triangle in which one of the angles is an obtuse angle. (Obviously, only a single angle in a triangle can be obtuse or it wouldn't be a triangle.) A ...

P is the point on the line AB such that PA^_/PB^_=1. It can also be thought of as the point of intersection of two parallel lines. In 1639, Desargues (1864) became the first ...