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Erdős and Heilbronn (Erdős and Graham 1980) posed the problem of estimating from below the number of sums a+b where a in A and b in B range over given sets A,B subset= Z/pZ ...

Given a Poisson distribution with a rate of change lambda, the distribution function D(x) giving the waiting times until the hth Poisson event is D(x) = ...

An object is unique if there is no other object satisfying its defining properties. An object is said to be essentially unique if uniqueness is only referred to the ...

The exponent laws, also called the laws of indices (Higgens 1998) or power rules (Derbyshire 2004, p. 65), are the rules governing the combination of exponents (powers). The ...

The extouch triangle DeltaT_1T_2T_3 is the triangle formed by the points of tangency of a triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3 with its excircles J_1, J_2, and J_3. The points T_1, T_2, ...

Euler (1738, 1753) considered the series s_a(x)=sum_(n=1)^infty[1/(1-a^n)product_(k=0)^(n-1)(1-xa^(-k))]. He showed that just like log_a(a^n)=n, s_a(a^n)=n for nonnegative ...

A theorem due to Conway et al. (1997) which states that, if a positive definite quadratic form with integer matrix entries represents all natural numbers up to 15, then it ...

By choosing appropriate rules, it is possible to achieve many forms of synchronization within cellular automata. One version, known as the firing squad synchronization ...

Suppose f(x) is continuous at a stationary point x_0. 1. If f^'(x)>0 on an open interval extending left from x_0 and f^'(x)<0 on an open interval extending right from x_0, ...

Let (x_1,x_2) and (y_1,y_2) be two sets of complex numbers linearly independent over the rationals. Then the four exponential conjecture posits that at least one of ...