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The chromatic number of a graph G is the smallest number of colors needed to color the vertices of G so that no two adjacent vertices share the same color (Skiena 1990, p. ...

The size of a minimum edge cover in a graph G is known as the edge cover number of G, denoted rho(G). If a graph G has no isolated points, then nu(G)+rho(G)=|G|, where nu(G) ...

A number of strongly regular graphs of several types derived from combinatorial design were identified by Goethals and Seidel (1970). Theorem 2.4 of Goethals and Seidel ...

Barnette's conjecture asserts that every 3-connected bipartite cubic planar graph is Hamiltonian. The only graph on nine or fewer vertices satisfying Barnette's conditions is ...

Combinatorial geometry is a blending of principles from the areas of combinatorics and geometry. It deals with combinations and arrangements of geometric objects and with ...

A canonical labeling, also called a canonical form, of a graph G is a graph G^' which is isomorphic to G and which represents the whole isomorphism class of G (Piperno 2011). ...

Frucht's theorem states that every finite group is the automorphism group of a finite undirected graph. This was conjectured by König (1936) and proved by Frucht (1939). In ...

A directed graph is called an arborescence if, from a given node x known as the root vertex, there is exactly one elementary path from x to every other node y.

The cotree T^* of a spanning tree T in a connected graph G is the spacing subgraph of G containing exactly those edges of G which are not in T (Harary 1994, p. 39).

The maximum degree, sometimes simply called the maximum degree, of a graph G is the largest vertex degree of G, denoted Delta.