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A topological space decomposes into its connected components. The connectedness relation between two pairs of points satisfies transitivity, i.e., if a∼b and b∼c then a∼c. ...

A connected set is a set that cannot be partitioned into two nonempty subsets which are open in the relative topology induced on the set. Equivalently, it is a set which ...

There are a number of graphs associated with J. H. Conway. The first is the unique rank-3 strongly regular graph with parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(1408,567,246,216) with ...

For a subgroup H of a group G and an element x of G, define xH to be the set {xh:h in H} and Hx to be the set {hx:h in H}. A subset of G of the form xH for some x in G is ...

The double graph of a given graph G is constructed by making two copies of G (including the initial edge set of each) and adding edges u_1v_2 and v_1u_2 for every edge uv of ...

Let C be a smooth geometrically connected projective curve over F_q with q=p^s a prime power. Let infty be a fixed closed point of X but not necessarily F_q-rational. A ...

The Diophantine equation sum_(j=1)^(m-1)j^n=m^n. Erdős conjectured that there is no solution to this equation other than the trivial solution 1^1+2^1=3^1, although this ...

By choosing appropriate rules, it is possible to achieve many forms of synchronization within cellular automata. One version, known as the firing squad synchronization ...

A manifold with a Riemannian metric that has zero curvature is a flat manifold. The basic example is Euclidean space with the usual metric ds^2=sum_(i)dx_i^2. In fact, any ...

A differential k-form can be integrated on an n-dimensional manifold. The basic example is an n-form alpha in the open unit ball in R^n. Since alpha is a top-dimensional ...