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Given a polynomial p(x)=a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0 (1) of degree n with roots alpha_i, i=1, ..., n and a polynomial q(x)=b_mx^m+b_(m-1)x^(m-1)+...+b_1x+b_0 (2) of ...

A statistical distribution published by William Gosset in 1908. His employer, Guinness Breweries, required him to publish under a pseudonym, so he chose "Student." Given N ...

The Tucker circles are a generalization of the cosine circle and first Lemoine circle which can be viewed as a family of circles obtained by parallel displacing sides of the ...

A Turing machine is a theoretical computing machine invented by Alan Turing (1937) to serve as an idealized model for mathematical calculation. A Turing machine consists of a ...

The term "arbelos" means shoemaker's knife in Greek, and this term is applied to the shaded area in the above figure which resembles the blade of a knife used by ancient ...

The game of billiards is played on a rectangular table (known as a billiard table) upon which balls are placed. One ball (the "cue ball") is then struck with the end of a ...

A die (plural "dice") is a solid with markings on each of its faces. The faces are usually all the same shape, making Platonic solids and Archimedean duals the obvious ...

In antiquity, geometric constructions of figures and lengths were restricted to the use of only a straightedge and compass (or in Plato's case, a compass only; a technique ...

A series is an infinite ordered set of terms combined together by the addition operator. The term "infinite series" is sometimes used to emphasize the fact that series ...

A Diophantine equation is an equation in which only integer solutions are allowed. Hilbert's 10th problem asked if an algorithm existed for determining whether an arbitrary ...