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There are two important theorems known as Herbrand's theorem. The first arises in ring theory. Let an ideal class be in A if it contains an ideal whose lth power is ...

A non-zero module which is not the direct sum of two of its proper submodules. The negation of indecomposable is, of course, decomposable. An abstract vector space is ...

Let [a_0;a_1,a_2,...] be the simple continued fraction of a "generic" real number, where the numbers a_i are the partial quotients. Then the Khinchin (or Khintchine) harmonic ...

The Mephisto waltz sequence is defined by beginning with 0 and then iterating the maps 0->001 and 1->110. This gives 0, 001, 001001110, 001001110001001110110110001, ... (OEIS ...

A magic square is said to be p-multimagic if the square formed by replacing each element by its kth power for k=1, 2, ..., p is also magic. A 2-multimagic square is called ...

By way of analogy with the eban numbers, oban numbers are defined as numbers whose English names do not contain the letter "o" (i.e., "o" is banned). Note that this ...

Apply the 196-algorithm, which consists of taking any positive integer of two digits or more, reversing the digits, and adding to the original number. Now sum the two and ...

The symmetric statistic k_(r,s,...) defined such that <k_(r,s,...)>=kappa_rkappa_s..., (1) where kappa_r is a cumulant. These statistics generalize k-statistic and were ...

The highest order power in a univariate polynomial is known as its order (or, more properly, its polynomial degree). For example, the polynomial ...

The rth sample central moment m_r of a sample with sample size n is defined as m_r=1/nsum_(k=1)^n(x_k-m)^r, (1) where m=m_1^' is the sample mean. The first few sample central ...