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A number of the form aba..., abab..., etc. The first few nontrivial undulants (with the stipulation that a!=b) are 101, 121, 131, 141, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 202, 212, ... ...

A section of a fiber bundle gives an element of the fiber over every point in B. Usually it is described as a map s:B->E such that pi degreess is the identity on B. A ...

A circle bundle pi:E->M is a fiber bundle whose fibers pi^(-1)(x) are circles. It may also have the structure of a principal bundle if there is an action of SO(2) that ...

A cylinder can be dissected into unequal squares, with nine squares required at a minimum. Trivial squarings can be constructed by taking rectangle dissections and matching ...

A generalization of the equation whose solution is desired in Fermat's last theorem x^n+y^n=z^n to x^n+y^n=cz^n for x, y, z, and c positive constants, with trivial solutions ...

A word derived from the Latin roots tri- (three) and via (ways, roads), therefore a crossing of three roads. In medieval universities, the trivium consisted of the three ...

An Egyptian fraction is a sum of positive (usually) distinct unit fractions. The famous Rhind papyrus, dated to around 1650 BC contains a table of representations of 2/n as ...

A type of compact surface studied by German mathematician Otto Zoll following an idea of Darboux. It is characterized by the property that all its geodesics are closed and of ...

A cryptarithmetic in which digits are used to represent other digits.

A simple group is a group whose only normal subgroups are the trivial subgroup of order one and the improper subgroup consisting of the entire original group. Simple groups ...