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Newton's forward difference formula is a finite difference identity giving an interpolated value between tabulated points {f_p} in terms of the first value f_0 and the powers ...

A Heronian triangle is a triangle having rational side lengths and rational area. The triangles are so named because such triangles are related to Heron's formula ...

A closed sentential formula is a sentential formula in which none of the variables are free (i.e., all variables are bound). Examples of closed sentential formulas are given ...

The BBP (named after Bailey-Borwein-Plouffe) is a formula for calculating pi discovered by Simon Plouffe in 1995, ...

There are several q-analogs of the cosine function. The two natural definitions of the q-cosine defined by Koekoek and Swarttouw (1998) are given by cos_q(z) = ...

There are several q-analogs of the sine function. The two natural definitions of the q-sine defined by Koekoek and Swarttouw (1998) are given by sin_q(z) = ...

A well-formed formula B is said to be true for the interpretation M (written |=_MB) iff every sequence in Sigma (the set of all denumerable sequences of elements of the ...

Trigonometry

Let a spherical triangle be drawn on the surface of a sphere of radius R, centered at a point O=(0,0,0), with vertices A, B, and C. The vectors from the center of the sphere ...

Darboux's formula is a theorem on the expansion of functions in infinite series and essentially consists of integration by parts on a specific integrand product of functions. ...