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A number is said to be biquadratefree (or quarticfree) if its prime factorization contains no quadrupled factors. All primes and prime powers p^n with n<=3 are therefore ...

Two nonisomorphic graphs are said to be chromatically equivalent (also termed "chromically equivalent by Bari 1974) if they have identical chromatic polynomials. A graph that ...

Consider a unit circle and a radiant point located at (mu,0). There are four different regimes of caustics, illustrated above. For radiant point at mu=infty, the catacaustic ...

A number is said to be cubefree if its prime factorization contains no tripled factors. All primes are therefore trivially cubefree. The cubefree numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...

Numbers which are not perfect and for which s(N)=sigma(N)-N<N, or equivalently sigma(n)<2n, where sigma(N) is the divisor function. Deficient numbers are sometimes called ...

A deletable prime is a prime number which has the property that deleting digits one at a time in some order gives a prime at each step. For example, 410256793 is a deletable ...

An integer d is a fundamental discriminant if it is not equal to 1, not divisible by any square of any odd prime, and satisfies d=1 (mod 4) or d=8,12 (mod 16). The function ...

A tiling consisting of a rhombus such that 17 rhombuses fit around a point and a second tile in the shape of six rhombuses stuck together. These two tiles can fill the plane ...

A number which is simultaneously a heptagonal number H_n and pentagonal number P_m. Such numbers exist when 1/2n(5n-3)=1/2m(3m-1). (1) Completing the square and rearranging ...

Let H_n denote the nth hexagonal number and S_m the mth square number, then a number which is both hexagonal and square satisfies the equation H_n=S_m, or n(2n-1)=m^2. (1) ...