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Dirichlet's principle, also known as Thomson's principle, states that there exists a function u that minimizes the functional D[u]=int_Omega|del u|^2dV (called the Dirichlet ...

A statistical distribution whose variables can take on only discrete values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 929) give a table of the parameters of most common discrete ...

A dot plot, also called a dot chart, is a type of simple histogram-like chart used in statistics for relatively small data sets where values fall into a number of discrete ...

The dual vector space to a real vector space V is the vector space of linear functions f:V->R, denoted V^*. In the dual of a complex vector space, the linear functions take ...

A graph G with m edges is said to be elegant if the vertices of G can be labeled with distinct integers (0,1,2,...,m) in such a way that the set of values on the edges ...

An elliptic curve is the set of solutions to an equation of the form y^2+a_1xy+a_3y=x^3+a_2x^2+a_4x+a_6. (1) By changing variables, y->2y+a_1x+a_3, assuming the field ...

The term energy has an important physical meaning in physics and is an extremely useful concept. There are several forms energy defined in mathematics. In measure theory, let ...

The Erdős-Selfridge function g(k) is defined as the least integer bigger than k+1 such that the least prime factor of (g(k); k) exceeds k, where (n; k) is the binomial ...

The essential supremum is the proper generalization to measurable functions of the maximum. The technical difference is that the values of a function on a set of measure zero ...

A Euclidean number is a number which can be obtained by repeatedly solving the quadratic equation. Euclidean numbers, together with the rational numbers, can be constructed ...