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A maximum irredundant set is an irredundant set of largest possible size in a graph. Note that a maximum irredundant set is not equivalent to a maximal irredundant set, which ...

A module homomorphism is a map f:M->N between modules over a ring R which preserves both the addition and the multiplication by scalars. In symbols this means that ...

There are a number of attractive polyhedron compounds consisting of nine octahedra. The compound illustrated above can be constructed as the dual of cube 9-compound. The ...

Two functions f(x) and g(x) are orthogonal over the interval a<=x<=b with weighting function w(x) if <f(x)|g(x)>=int_a^bf(x)g(x)w(x)dx=0. (1) If, in addition, ...

A symbol employed in a formal propositional calculus.

Let V be a variety, and write G(V) for the set of divisors, G_l(V) for the set of divisors linearly equivalent to 0, and G_a(V) for the group of divisors algebraically equal ...

A number r is an nth root of unity if r^n=1 and a primitive nth root of unity if, in addition, n is the smallest integer of k=1, ..., n for which r^k=1.

A sequence in which no term divides any other. Let S_n be the set {1,...,n}, then the number of primitive subsets of S_n are 2, 3, 5, 7, 13, 17, 33, 45, 73, 103, 205, 253, ...

In accounting, the principal is the original amount borrowed or lent on which interest is then paid or given. The word "principal" is also used in many areas of mathematics ...

A metric space Z^^ in which the closure of a congruence class B(j,m) is the corresponding congruence class {x in Z^^|x=j (mod m)}.