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Let I be a set, and let U be an ultrafilter on I, let phi be a formula of a given language L, and let {A_i:i in I} be any collection of structures which is indexed by the set ...

Let A be the area of a simply closed lattice polygon. Let B denote the number of lattice points on the polygon edges and I the number of points in the interior of the ...

The formula giving the roots of a quadratic equation ax^2+bx+c=0 (1) as x=(-b+/-sqrt(b^2-4ac))/(2a). (2) An alternate form is given by x=(2c)/(-b+/-sqrt(b^2-4ac)). (3)

There are at least two meanings of the term "total derivative" in mathematics. The first is as an alternate term for the convective derivative. The total derivative is the ...

e^(i(ntheta))=(e^(itheta))^n. (1) From the Euler formula it follows that cos(ntheta)+isin(ntheta)=(costheta+isintheta)^n. (2) A similar identity holds for the hyperbolic ...

A symmetric polynomial on n variables x_1, ..., x_n (also called a totally symmetric polynomial) is a function that is unchanged by any permutation of its variables. In other ...

A modified set of Chebyshev polynomials defined by a slightly different generating function. They arise in the development of four-dimensional spherical harmonics in angular ...

x^(2n)+1=[x^2-2xcos(pi/(2n))+1] ×[x^2-2xcos((3pi)/(2n))+1]×...× ×[x^2-2xcos(((2n-1)pi)/(2n))+1].

Successive application of Archimedes' recurrence formula gives the Archimedes algorithm, which can be used to provide successive approximations to pi (pi). The algorithm is ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula over the interval [-1,1] which has weighting function W(x)=x. The general formula is int_(-1)^1xf(x)dx=sum_(i=1)^nw_i[f(x_i)-f(-x_i)]. n ...