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A pentagonal square triangular number is a number that is simultaneously a pentagonal number P_l, a square number S_m, and a triangular number T_n. This requires a solution ...

A number which is simultaneously a pentagonal number P_n and triangular number T_m. Such numbers exist when 1/2n(3n-1)=1/2m(m+1). (1) Completing the square gives ...

A number which is simultaneously a heptagonal number H_n and triangular number T_m. Such numbers exist when 1/2n(5n-3)=1/2m(m+1). (1) Completing the square and rearranging ...

A number which is simultaneously a nonagonal number N_m and a triangular number T_n and therefore satisfies the Diophantine equation. 1/2m(7m-5)=1/2n(1+n). (1) Completing the ...

A lower triangular matrix having 0s along the diagonal as well as the upper portion, i.e., a matrix A=[a_(ij)] such that a_(ij)=0 for i<=j. Written explicitly, L=[0 0 ... 0; ...

The mathematical study of the properties of the formal mathematical structures called graphs.

The multiplicity of a multigraph is its maximum edge multiplicity.

Newton's method for finding roots of a complex polynomial f entails iterating the function z-[f(z)/f^'(z)], which can be viewed as applying the Euler backward method with ...

The Mathon graphs are three strongly regular graphs on 784 vertices with regular parameters as summarized in the following tables. k spectrum regular parameters 0 ...

A set of graph vertices A of a graph with graph edges V is independent if it contains no graph edges.