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The Zernike polynomials are a set of orthogonal polynomials that arise in the expansion of a wavefront function for optical systems with circular pupils. The odd and even ...

The ordinary differential equation y^('')-(a+bk^2sn^2x+qk^4sn^4x)y=0, where snx=sn(x,k) is a Jacobi elliptic function (Arscott 1981).

A transform which localizes a function both in space and scaling and has some desirable properties compared to the Fourier transform. The transform is based on a wavelet ...

The dilogarithm Li_2(z) is a special case of the polylogarithm Li_n(z) for n=2. Note that the notation Li_2(x) is unfortunately similar to that for the logarithmic integral ...

Consider a power series in a complex variable z g(z)=sum_(n=0)^inftya_nz^n (1) that is convergent within the open disk D:|z|<R. Convergence is limited to within D by the ...

An ordinary differential equation (frequently called an "ODE," "diff eq," or "diffy Q") is an equality involving a function and its derivatives. An ODE of order n is an ...

The function frac(x) giving the fractional (noninteger) part of a real number x. The symbol {x} is sometimes used instead of frac(x) (Graham et al. 1994, p. 70; Havil 2003, ...

Expanding the Riemann zeta function about z=1 gives zeta(z)=1/(z-1)+sum_(n=0)^infty((-1)^n)/(n!)gamma_n(z-1)^n (1) (Havil 2003, p. 118), where the constants ...

An incircle is an inscribed circle of a polygon, i.e., a circle that is tangent to each of the polygon's sides. The center I of the incircle is called the incenter, and the ...

The inverse hyperbolic cosecant csch^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 481), sometimes called the area hyperbolic cosecant (Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 271) and sometimes denoted ...